Народження філософії із духу епохи: культурологічний зріз
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Date
2018
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ДВНЗ «Київський національний економічний університет імені Вадима Гетьмана»
Abstract
Стаття присвячена дослідженню культури середньовіччя і того, що лежить в основі зародження її філософії – ідеї творення та ідеї одкровення. У статті аналізуються відношення філософії і теології, церкви і держави, боротьба культу Марії і культу диявола. Розглядається найважливіше для середньовіччя завдання: філософізація теології і теологізація філософії. Пропонуються, так звані «темні віки» середньовіччя – розглядати як внутрішю роботу духа, як час, коли юна душа культури лише пробуджується до свідомості у своєму ландшафті і починає формуватись фаустівська тяга до нескінченності...
The article is devoted to the study of the Middle Ages culture and of what lies at the foundations of its philosophy – the idea of creation and the idea of revelation. If the Middle Ages were «dark ages», then not everyone was asleep then. Each of us experienced such a condition at night when we did not read, write, did not do anything at all, just were thinking, reasoning, in a word – reflecting, and it was an inner work of the spirit which will sooner or later go out into the world of God. Back then, during the «dark ages» when the spirit of culture awakens to consciousness in its landscape, a Faustian craving for infinity begins to form, which would then lead to expansion of the geographical horizon: the Vikings, the Crusaders, the carvels of H. Columbus and Vasco da Gama; typography and firearms as symbols of a far-reaching action would forever change our lives; thanks to the compass and the telescope the purely theoretical hypothesis that we live on a spherical surface would turn into a real feeling that our planet Earth is round; the gothic attitude and the double infinity of chronology in opposite directions from A. D. gave us the idea of a perspective and formed a new picture of the world as an infinite space with a human passion to dig into its depth; if the properties of the Fibonacci numbers reflect the basic pattern of organic evolution in the Golden proportion, then the double entry (double accounting) by Luka Pacioli opens in front of us the world of economics; the dynastic principle and cabinet diplomacy turned politics into the art of the possible... Together with the cult of Mary and the cult of the devil, the third great creation of the Gothicism is the sacrament of penance, which itself reports the true depth and significance of the first two. The idea of the personality is put in penance - the person who is the center of the universe and who covers the whole with the soul. Personality is not something individual and separate, but it is the one and only in the universe. A person with a unique historical sense was born in the bosom of the gothic consciousness, which became its deepest heritage. Only a strong gothic faith can become a prerequisite for the Renaissance worldview, when people again follow the nature as their mentor, and to follow the nature means to follow its soul, and not its outer envelope.
The article is devoted to the study of the Middle Ages culture and of what lies at the foundations of its philosophy – the idea of creation and the idea of revelation. If the Middle Ages were «dark ages», then not everyone was asleep then. Each of us experienced such a condition at night when we did not read, write, did not do anything at all, just were thinking, reasoning, in a word – reflecting, and it was an inner work of the spirit which will sooner or later go out into the world of God. Back then, during the «dark ages» when the spirit of culture awakens to consciousness in its landscape, a Faustian craving for infinity begins to form, which would then lead to expansion of the geographical horizon: the Vikings, the Crusaders, the carvels of H. Columbus and Vasco da Gama; typography and firearms as symbols of a far-reaching action would forever change our lives; thanks to the compass and the telescope the purely theoretical hypothesis that we live on a spherical surface would turn into a real feeling that our planet Earth is round; the gothic attitude and the double infinity of chronology in opposite directions from A. D. gave us the idea of a perspective and formed a new picture of the world as an infinite space with a human passion to dig into its depth; if the properties of the Fibonacci numbers reflect the basic pattern of organic evolution in the Golden proportion, then the double entry (double accounting) by Luka Pacioli opens in front of us the world of economics; the dynastic principle and cabinet diplomacy turned politics into the art of the possible... Together with the cult of Mary and the cult of the devil, the third great creation of the Gothicism is the sacrament of penance, which itself reports the true depth and significance of the first two. The idea of the personality is put in penance - the person who is the center of the universe and who covers the whole with the soul. Personality is not something individual and separate, but it is the one and only in the universe. A person with a unique historical sense was born in the bosom of the gothic consciousness, which became its deepest heritage. Only a strong gothic faith can become a prerequisite for the Renaissance worldview, when people again follow the nature as their mentor, and to follow the nature means to follow its soul, and not its outer envelope.
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Keywords
християнство, середньовіччя, ґотична віра, душа культури, прасимвол нескінченності, ідея перспективи, картина світу, таїнство покаяння, ідея особистості, династичний принцип, історія, Christianity, Middle Ages, gothic faith, soul of culture, pristymbol of infinity, idea of perspective, picture of the world, sacrament of penance, idea of personality, dynastic principle, history
Citation
Вільчинський Ю. Народження філософії із духу епохи: культурологічний зріз / Юрій Вільчинський // Університетська кафедра. Культурологія. Аксіологія. Філософія. Етнологія. Дискусії. Рецензії. Анотації : альм. / М-во освіти і науки України, ДВНЗ «Київ. нац. екон. ун-т ім. В. Гетьмана», Ін-т приклад. та проф. етики ; [редкол.: Ю. Вільчинський (голов. ред.) та ін.]. – Київ : КНЕУ, 2018. – № 7. – С. 7–36.