2016 рік

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Browsing 2016 рік by Author "Zhenzhera, Sergey"

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    К вопросу об эвристическом значении метода аналогии
    (ДВНЗ «Київський національний університет імені Вадима Гетьмана», 2016) Женжера, Сергей; Zhenzhera, Sergey; Женжера, Сергій
    The article is devoted to methodological and heuristic value of the method of analogy. The author emphasizes its basic nature to any other method of learning. Examples of complex analogies between the phenomena and processes of different types are drawn. In the second part of the article on the basis of analogy with the human senses it is attempted to broaden the context of epistemological discourse. The analogy method is discussed in logical, epistemological, ontological aspects. Although the methodological aspect is still considered as the principal one, and is determined by the main purpose of the study. Basic analogies in the description of the cognitive process are divided into those, which are used in philosophical and scientific worldview, and those closer to philosophical and religious. The first is the vision, the view from the outside. The second comprises hearing, touch, smell, taste, involving direct contact with the object of knowledge, dive into it, convergence, etc. We consider separately the role of practice in the process of cognitive activity. It is emphasized that it rather refers to the analogies of the direct contact and manipulation with the object. Analogy is drawn between the Soviet understanding of the role of practice in learning and religious texts of the Old Testament This article analyzes some of the views of George Berkeley, Francis Bacon, Ibn Sina, Anton Kartashev. The author draws on studies of representatives of domestic philosophical school: academic Anatoly E. Conversky, professors Irina S. Dobronravova, Denis E. Prokopov. General conclusions: (1) the analogy method is a method of making possible the mechanism of application of any other method that makes it a base to build any methodology, but thereby causes its fundamental inaccuracy, imagery, randomness, dependent on the preferences of the author conducting the analogy of one type and not noticing others; (2) European epistemology which followed Greek philosophy actively used visual analogy to refer to the cognitive process; (3) the application of the other four analogies to the senses (in syncretic form present in the ancient Hebrew tradition) significantly transformed the usual concepts and expanded the context of the epistemological discourse.