Трудотерапія засуджених крізь призму практики ЄСПЛ
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Date
2022
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ПВНЗ «Університет сучасних знань»
Abstract
Стаття присвячена дослідженню практики ЄСПЛ у частині залучення осіб, які відбувають покарання у вигляді позбавлення волі до трудотерапії. У статті проаналізовані рішення Суду, які присвячені: можливості покладання на засуджених обов’язку праці, визначення розміру винагороди за працю у місцях позбавлення волі, врахування часу роботи у в’язниці до загального стажу, який дає право на пенсію за віком тощо. Вказана практика має важливе значення для розуміння меж залучення засуджених до праці в Україні.
The article is devoted to the study of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights in terms of involving convicts in occupational therapy.
The study is based on an in-depth analysis of professional German and Austrian literature on occupational therapy of persons serving a sentence of imprisonment. In addition, the international standards for the involvement of prisoners in labor, which are enshrined in a number of international treaties, are analyzed.
The methodological basis of the study was a comparative legal method of research, which allowed a comprehensive study of the experience of Germany and Austria in attracting prisoners to work, as well as a systematic study of ECtHR practice on various aspects of the duty of prisoners.
As a result of the study, the following conclusions and generalizations were made: Analysis of ECtHR decisions shows that occupational therapy of persons serving a sentence of imprisonment is not considered as coercion, but is positioned as an important component of re-education of perpetrators, the ability to form a sustainable habit of earning a living honestly. and socially useful work.
The duty of prisoners raises a number of related issues that have been considered by the ECtHR. Thus, the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights have answered a number of complex questions that have not been unambiguously resolved in practice. These include: the remuneration of prisoners, the inclusion of prison time in the general length of service, which entitles them to a pension, the possibility of involving persons who have already served their sentences in community service, and so on. These decisions more specifically defined the line between what is allowed and what is forbidden in persons involved in occupational therapy who are serving a sentence of imprisonment.
Given the binding nature of ECtHR decisions for Ukraine, it is necessary that public administration entities involved in the execution of imprisonment (State Penitentiary Service of Ukraine), convicts, human rights defenders and other stakeholders better understand the purpose, objectives and limits to the involvement of persons serving a sentence of imprisonment in occupational therapy. To this end, it is necessary that these subjects of law are thoroughly aware not only of the requirements for the work of convicts, which are enshrined in international (European) and national sources of law, but also the relevant practice of the ECtHR.
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Keywords
праця, засуджені, практика ЄСПЛ, обов’язок, межі реалізації, work, convicts, ECtHR practice, duty, limits of implementation
Citation
Кравченко М. Г. Трудотерапія засуджених крізь призму практики ЄСПЛ [Електронний ресурс] / Кравченко Михайло Георгійович // Журнал східноєвропейського права : електрон. наук.-практ. вид. / [редкол.: С. О. Мосьондз (голов. ред.) та ін.]. – Електрон. текст. дані. – Київ, 2022. – № 99. – С. 5–10. – Назва з титул. екрану.